Linux file systems
Open-source Linux OS aims
at implementing, testing and using different concepts of file systems. The most
popular Linux file systems nowadays are:
- Ext2, Ext3, Ext4 - 'native' Linux
file system. This file system falls under active developments and
improvements. Ext3 file system is just an extension
to Ext2 which uses transactional file write operations
with a journal. Ext4 is a further development
of Ext3, extended with support of optimized file allocation information
(extents) and extended file attributes. This file system is frequently
used as a 'root' file system for most Linux
installations.
- ReiserFS -
alternative Linux file system is created to store huge amount of
small files. It has good capability of files search and enables
compact files allocation by storing file tails or small files along with
metadata in order not to use large file system blocks for the same
purpose.
- XFS - file
system derived from SGI company and was initially used for company’s IRIX
servers. Now XFS specifications are implemented in Linux. XFS file system
has great performance and is widely used to store files.
- JFS - file
system is developed by IBM for the company’s powerful computing systems.JFS1 usually
stands for JFS, JFS2 is the second release.
Currently this file system isopen-source and implemented in
most modern Linux versions.
The concept of 'hard
links' used in this kind of OS is a common feature of Linux file
systems of not regarding the file name as file attribute and rather defined as
an alias for a file in certain directory. File object can be linked
from many locations, even multiply from the same directory under different
names. This may present serious and even insurmountable difficulties for recovery
of file names after file deletion or file system damage.
For information about data recovery from these file systems please visit Deleted files: chances for recovery page.
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